Wolves thrive on lake superior island but moose struggle under predation

Researchers have long studied the delicate balance between wolves and moose on Isle Royale, a 134,000-acre national park in western Lake Superior. This year's winter survey revealed a wolf population at a near-record high of 37, while moose numbers plummeted 75% to just 524 – and no calves were spotted.

Island's wolf population booms but moose decline sharply

The surge in wolves is largely attributed to their successful reproduction, despite a decade ago the population dwindling to just two due to inbreeding and depressed pup survival rates. This year, clear skies and frigid temperatures allowed scientists to spot wolves on all but one survey flight, even filming a pack snuggling together on the ice on Valentine's Day.

However, the wolf's newfound prosperity comes at a steep cost for the moose population, which is relying on the island's limited resources. Researchers estimate wolves likely killed nearly a quarter of the moose population over the past year, a drastic shift from the moose-dominated ecosystem.

As the wolf population continues to grow, scientists plan to conduct summer research to assess the long-term effects on the island's ecosystem and explore ways to maintain a balance between the two apex predators.